Hey TJ. I've been wracking my brain while packing and I can't think of a book specifically on 50s Hollywood style lighting. I'll tell you who was a master at it though... George Hurrell!
http://www.hurrellphotography.com/ Study his work... and try to duplicate it. You'll learn something. A couple key factors... don't use a soft box. A small light source (like a parabolic reflector... maybe add barndoors or a snoot) works much better. And if your light source is not small enough the further you back it away from the subject the smaller the light source will "appear". Really! You want the "hard edge" this will give you. You'll want your camera room to be dark and start with only your main light so you can see exactly what you are achieving... how the light is "touching" your subject. Then add the other lights for the effect you want. Then... you may want to turn off all the modeling lights EXCEPT your main, so you can continue to see what's happening with that light. One little turn of the head and your lighting pattern has completely changed. You'll also want to stick with a higher lighting ratio. I'd start at 1:4 and experiement. Push it as far as you can.
A GREAT (and more general) book on studio lighting is Basic Studio Lighting by Tony Corbell. He's a dear friend (and doing a portrait of my daugher and I on the beach in San Diego for me on Friday!!! Yea!! So hard to do 'em while I'm in 'em!

) and one of the most knowledgeable people I know on the subject of LIGHT.
I don't do this style of lighting a lot, although I love it. Just doesn't fit MY niche so much. And honestly, most of my examples of it are shot on negs. The only
easily accessable one I found is this. Notice the "hard edge" of the shadows.
Hope this helps a little. ~F